earth as schooner ~ a permaculture analogy

in my personal unschooling adventure, as in, my own studies on what is most salient to me right now, i have been absolutely smitten with permaculture. i’m immersed in the literature currently, have joined a permie internet forum, and have been networking with people locally who have used the p word within earshot of me. completely geeking out. and although i haven’t even finished the basic textbooks and still feel kind of fuzzy on just exactly how to define permaculture, i’m ready to start to formulate what i think it is, and put the pieces together into a working definition for myself. since this concept/discipline/thing has been so hard for me to wrap my mind around, in spite of my delving head first into it, i’m guessing there are a lot of people who have no clue what the p word is all about, which is one reason i’m sharing it here.

here are the basics: permaculture is care for the earth, care for people, sharing of the surplus, and an emphasis on cooperation and optimism.

designing with nature means observing what nature does and following suit. i planted the iris, but not the strawberries or baby spruce tree...

it’s interdisciplinary, it is aimed at designing sustainable human habitats. i think it started out as “permanent agriculture”, but quickly expanded to “permanent culture” due to the realization that sustainable human environments are about much more than food production. some of the things permaculture design focuses on are: sustainable food production (organic/local/perennial food forest guilds using no-till cultivation methods vs monoculture machine-intensive row crop agrobusiness using subsidized fossil fuels to distribute, um, the “product”); energy efficient building/living- capturing and storing renewable sources of energy, reducing energy consumption via smart design as well as mindfulness of what our needs really are; recycling, reusing, gleaning, making use of the waste outputs as inputs for other elements in the design; wastewater treatment, greywater recycling, dealing with humanure (blackwater) sustainably; taking care of the land- the earth is our home and our mother and we are in the role of stewards; and the people part of the system- we need social justice and a decent economy as part of the design, too.

(psst. it’s not just us. i just had to educate my spell check that permaculture, greywater, and humanure are all legitimate words…)

input? output? all depends on how you look at it.

each of these elements has needs, and each of them performs its role, providing its gifts to the rest of the system. looking at these outputs as resources helps close the loops that are currently leaking like crazy. one chicken’s poop is another vegetable’s treasure, in other words. vegetable scraps make chickens happy, by their turn, and the cycle becomes a cycle again, instead of linear and unsustainable (buy fertilizer from “somewhere else” to grow veggies; throw veggie scraps in the garbage and send them “away”). designing the system to balance out the inputs and outputs both reduces the waste going out of the system, and increases the abundance of the good, tasty outputs.

why have closed loops? here’s where the schooner comes in. the first time i ever heard the words “greywater” and “blackwater”, i was 19 years old on a semester at sea. it was the first time it really entered my awareness, just exactly what it means to have finite resources in a closed system. (for a piece of knowledge so essential for survival, i would propose that people ought to be aware of it at a much earlier age!) when you drive your schooner out into the deep blue sea, you only have what you’ve brought with you (that’s what it means to have a closed system- nothing coming into or going out of it). you can only pack what the ship can hold. our 500 gallons of freshwater, several hundred gallons of diesel fuel, storage tanks (whatever their finite capacity was) for grey and blackwater, storage space for garbage and “recycling”, food that we could carry and that wouldn’t spoil before we could eat it- that all had to last us (all 34 of us) for the duration of whatever leg of the voyage we were on. (when the voyage ended and we were on or close to land, we ceased being a closed system again, could pump out our wastes, and refuel with new inputs, if they were within reach). it really hit home on one leg when we thought we were going to be able to fill up our nearly empty freshwater tanks at our last stop in the bahamas, only to find out we were headed out for a 6 day trip back to the mainland u.s. with faintly brackish (3 ppm salt) water. in which case, whatever tang we had on hand (and that didn’t even mask the saltiness) was all we had on hand to attempt to make it palatable!

as big as the earth may seem, we can think of her as a schooner. a big one, with lots and lots of capacity, but a closed system nonetheless, and without the option of coming into port. once we run out of our finite resources, there is not going to be a way for us to swing by the moon or mars and pick up some more, nor can we feasibly send our garbage “away”. what to do? i am starting at home, treating my home as a place where all the needs, inputs and outputs are going to have to be handled from within that closed system, and i am working on creating a space where that is the reality. outward from there to the neighborhood and community level. apparently what i’ve been attempting to do is permaculture design! it’s nice to have some terminology.

it’s a discipline with amazing amounts of uncharted territory. it’s a super big picture mind bender, and perfect for an unschooler. it covers just about everything that matters for me. it feels like a new home sweet home for my brain, where even my wacky law of attraction approach to life is part of the program. earth, people, abundance, interconnectedness, sustainability…

does any of this ring true for you? are you hip to the p?

hippie glop gourmet ~ soup stock from veggie scraps

you won’t catch me posting complex recipes or really pretty pictures of daintily garnished food much around here, because in the kitchen, i am a pragmatic kinda gal. often quinn and i catch meals in a fairly haphazard manner, frequently in the car on the way to our next activity, so we often eat easily transportable things- made as some form of pizza or sandwich or wrap, or in a bowl in a format a friend of mine once dubbed “hippie glop”. so my angle on the food subject, i’ve decided, is just that: the hippie glop gourmet. the focus is more on self-sufficiency, waste reduction and saving energy. while i may at some point post on using csa veggies creatively this is motivated again from the waste reduction standpoint, and you will have to look elsewhere for the skinny on how to make it all taste good! i think i am adequate as a cook, but what i think i have to offer on the topic is having put a lot of thought into the sustainability basics. some things i might cover:

eating organic affordably- tips on how to make it as economically feasible as conventional foods

self-sufficiency and where things come from- ever wonder where people got things like yeast and fruit pectin before they came in a package?

ways to reduce waste in the kitchen, such as today’s post on making soup stock from scraps

maybe i will think of others as time goes on… it may be something that only gets roughly biannual mention, as there are so many other topics of interest, but i would be leaving something out if i didn’t at least give a few of these ideas a brief shout out.

i’m posting these things, assuming you’re already hip to having a home compost bin as a way of reducing your kitchen waste output. lately though, as i’ve been thinking a lot on permaculture and self sufficiency, i realize that i want to go sustainable 2.0. i have thought of sustainability at times as a question of whether the earth can handle this particular choice, and if so, i decide it’s sustainable. certainly the earth seems to have no trouble handling my dinner scraps, so i feel it is a sustainable choice to compost any food waste that comes along. yet, when i compost food that countless people have labored to grow and that i have labored to prepare, and also labored to provide money to pay for the electricity that keeps the refrigerator running to keep the food cold, or to heat the stove to make the food warm, it starts to feel completely unsustainable to ever waste a drop of food, after all. composting theoretically puts the nutrients back into our food, if we use the compost in our gardens, and our gardens are growing food crops that we are actually eating. still, there is energy wasted by bringing that food to the table and letting it go back into the nutrient cycle uneaten. my poor kiddo knows that there is one single thing i am neurotic about, and this is it: waste. i like to put a more positive spin on it these days and focus on abundance rather than waste-avoidance, but practically speaking we are talking about the same actions.

half of the biomass to the compost bin?

this is not at all my own original idea, i heard it from a friend who heard it from a friend, who probably learned it from a depression-era survivor grandparent. in fact, i would bet my own grandmother did this. when i cut up fresh onions, celery, carrots, and any fresh herbs (parsley, basil, oregano, etc.) i put the bits and pieces that we don’t want to eat into a container that i keep in the door of my freezer for easy access. this includes carrot heels (not the green tops but the ends of the root itself), carrot peels (when i bother to peel them), celery tops and the bigger too-stringy ends, onion stem and root ends and that first layer of onion that is somewhat peel-ish but more onion than peel, and stems of herbs that have plenty of flavor but are, well, stems. with the onions, i am not super careful to remove all the skin, though i let the outer layer go to compost if there is any funk whatsoever. i do not include anything that is moldy, rotten or otherwise inedible. i do, however, continue to use this method with storage onions throughout the winter.

when my container is full, i dump it into a stock pot, cover with water, and simmer it for a while to make stock. here is where someone with more flair in the kitchen would probably add things, like salt or other herbs, or some extra celery to balance out the mix. i am pretty much “whatever” with that, and the flavor does vary from batch to batch in our case. it also varies nicely when i dump these scraps on top of the organic chicken carcass to make the stock instead of using new carrots and onions that would then just be strained out when the stock was finished (yum! we only eat one or two of those per year but the stock is the best part!). (in keeping with the theme of waste not- i am a stickler for using every part of an animal we harvest for food!)

finally, depending on the time of year, i either can the extra stock in canning jars, using the pressure canner according to up-to-date canning literature, or i fill containers to freeze. in the summer, i don’t have room to spare in the freezer, while in the winter, i don’t want to bother canning and have spaces to fill in the freezer to keep it running efficiently. in winter time i won’t even use the electric stove for this task at all, i’ll just simmer on the top of our woodstove. i store larger quantities for soups but smaller containers also come in handy just to add a little flavor or juice to a stir fry or a batch of beans. i could see freezng it in ice cube trays, if you like having tiny amounts of veggie stock available.

oh and one more thing- after i’ve simmered the heck out of the stuff, strained out the good brown liquid, and stored it away, then and only then do i compost the scraps!

what’s your geekiest waste-saving strategy in the kitchen? (feel free to use horrible run-on sentences in the comments, i’ve set the standard.) 😉

zero landfill cup of tea

it can be paralyzing to think of the damage our daily actions do to mother earth, and instead of motivating us to change, it can numb us into inaction. in order to move forward, taking one small step at a time is the best way to make real, lasting change. i find sites like one small change and sustainable baby steps to be very inspiring, sparking ideas of tiny little positive changes i can make, that when added up over days, weeks, months, years, actually make a dent in my impact on mother earth.

my latest change towards reducing my footprint involves transitioning away from drinking packaged tea. babiest of baby steps, to be sure! i have always kept some loose leaf tea on hand, but i didn’t have the right equipment to make this kind of cup of tea as enjoyable as one made with a teabag. i also have favorite tea flavors not sold in the leaf, such as tazo passion, which i drank every morning with breakfast. that meant at least one teabag (filter paper, string, paper tab, metal staple) went into the compost every day, and one plastic-coated paper wrapper went into the landfill every day… and having reduced my purchasing of disposable packaging in other areas so much, the tea bag packaging actually stood out to me.

i started by branching out on tea varieties. i got some loose leaf organic rooibos and honey bush teas, and also wild crafted several types of tea leaves by drying nettle leaf, thimbleberry and skullcap, and my own garden provided small amounts of lavender, mint, lemon balm and chamomile.

then i added to my equipment collection a little screeny-ball thingie that opens on a spring handle (here’s a picture because i have no idea what they’re called!) i also sewed some small reusable cloth tea bags from cheesecloth (butter muslin is a good weight/weave). the bags work better for some of the smaller-ground leaves like honeybush and lemongrass.

while i was at the serger, i also made a coffee filter out of the cheesecloth, and began using that instead of the unbleached paper ones. while i had been composting the grounds and filters, it still felt too disposable for my liking, and it will be a cost savings, albeit a small one. (small changes add up…)

finally, i tackled the task making my own blend of passion tea (i think i’ll call it “inspiration” :)). it was actually a process that took a few months of tinkering. i had been saving citrus peels since last winter, when i decided i was only going to buy organic clementines and not conventional ones- steep price hike, but i knew i could feel better about the tripled cost if i was using the whole fruit, including peel. often i throw a teaspoon of the dried, ground peel into berry muffins, or other baked yummy things, but we weren’t going through it very quickly. i gave it a try as tea, adding in various other ingredients (citrus peel and chamomile is amazingly tasty!) and then i realized that orange peel is a major ingredient in tazo’s passion.

the ingredients in passion are “hibiscus flowers, natural tropical flavors, citric acid, licorice root, orange peel, cinnamon, rose hips, lemongrass, and fruit juice extract (color)”. i dropped the “natural” flavors and colors (doh! those are almost always code for something less than desirable for our bodies) and my blend looks more like this: clementine peel, rose hips, hibiscus flowers, lemongrass, licorice root, cinnamon, and citric acid. i’ve also thrown in some nettle and thimbleberry leaves for added nutrition- it’s a high vitamin C beverage, so why not absorb some iron while we’re at it? (iron and vitamin C go hand in hand.) i kept the citric acid, but reduced it to a minor character- it does give it that tangy zing, so i felt it was worthwhile. the hibiscus flowers are delicious and colorful (they make it red, so that part of the passion experience is still there) but they are also far from a local ingredient, so i reduced their prevalence and deferred to the rose hips that can be obtained locally (and some of mine were ones i’d dried myself). we have lemongrass growing in the living room, so that moved up the list- if you can buy it fresh from your local asian market, you can try soaking the stalk and then sticking it in some soil- we had incredible success with this method. licorice and cinnamon are flavors i appreciate in tea in only very small quantities, so i went light on them. our food coop has every single one of these ingredients in bulk, so i was able to supplement what i hadn’t grown/peeled/dried myself. the cost comes way down, as i’ve made it in quart jar quantities for about the same or lower cost than a box of 20 tea bags. one cup takes about 2 teaspoons, so one quart holds enough tea for 96 cups!

what’s your favorite tea? can you make it a zero landfill cup? some of my favorite simple mixes are:

chamomile and clementine peel

chamomile and lavender flowers

rooibos and lavender flowers

nettle leaf and spearmint leaf

spearmint leaf all by itself 🙂

earth mama’s post today resonated so much for me, and the permaculture link within her post is where i snagged the “permaculture cup of tea” image- such a timely find, as a last minute illustration for my tea ramble- go and see the “industrial cup of tea” version for comparison, a great visual intro if you’ve been wondering “what the heck is permaculture anyway?”

zero landfill christmas

handmade fabric-and-ribbon reusable giftwrap from grammy’s house ~ reused a dozen times so far and will reuse again to infinity!

reused last-year’s-christmas-card-gift tags, also via grammy’s genius ~ reused and recyclable

random scraps and trappings ~ will get reused again and again by a certain boy (“it’s a net for catching fish!”)

thrifted gifts ~ reused, reclaimed, rescued from the landfill…

…like used books from amazon ~ packaging stashed for reuse ~ green buying tip: on amazon, you can choose the nearest bookseller to you, i buy lots from green earth books out of portland since they often have a great deal and are in our state! conserve fossil fuels….

new gifts without lots of packaging, especially homemade goodness like grammy’s plum jam! ~ in a reusable canning jar!

a small amount of packaging that will go in the plastic bag recycling ~ recycled*

*this is the one bit of our christmas celebration that i will continue to try to eradicate! the sheer amount of packaging disturbs me. i’ve got a letter to write to melissa and doug about it, in particular. the fact that so little of what we “send” to recycling actually GETS recycled bothers me, as does the fact that recycling uses up resources just to reprocess the resource, so even if it all actually got recycled, recycling will never be as good as REUSE!!!

reusing the very same giftwrap the next day to wrap his dada’s christmas presents ~ twice in one season, double points!

upcycled beach trash, collected last christmas when the pacific gyre coughed up a lung ~ buoys from all over the world painted up and strung up for fancy new decorations!

reused christmas tree, in a pot ~ will reuse as many years as we manage to keep it alive in a pot! plant it in the ground when we find some land… and repeat process as needed!

~~~

i have held this “zero landfill” intention in my heart for a while now, for our household, my business, and yes, holidays, too. and it is always going to be a goal i strive for. in fact, i don’t want to stop there. i hear so much talk of carbon banking and balancing the carbon budget and honestly? i don’t want to zero things out and stop there ~ i want to give back! i want to be generating so little un-reusable garbage, ideally none, and instead using my own energy to help put more trees into the earth and more oxygen into the air… i’d love to be planting more trees than i take trips in my car, not just an even score, where i’m making as much oxygen as the carbon emissions i’m creating. i see enough complacency around me, with not even coming to a zero balance, that i realize that some of us must take on more than a zero balance goal, to help save our mother. even then it is going to be tough. i am sharing my intention here not to brag or preach, but to let others know that it is ok to be this outlandish in the intentions you create- and you may even find yourself actually pulling it off, impossible as it may seem at first! it starts with baby steps, but they add up. they really truly do. i don’t know, something about this holiday season has me feeling hopeful and optimistic, in spite of having tightened our belts and toned down our holidays, it seems to me that this is an amazing opportunity for us to really live our “back to the earth” mentality and see how easily we really can thrive with so little, only taking from the earth what we really need, and making every effort to give back as much or more. i am yet again setting my intention for the coming year, to tread even more lightly on this earth, to continue to strive for true sustainability, for there are always more ways i can reduce my consumption and increase the health of the planet right in my back yard.